Available Beams
NSCL offers three different types of beams, with the full beam list for each type found below.
ReA Stand Alone Beams (Stable and Rare Isotope) – for stable and long-lived radioactive beams at ReA3 or ReA6 in stand-alone mode.
CCF Primary beam – the stable beams that can be run through the Coupled Cyclotron Facility to produce the radioactive beam of interest
CCF-ReA Rare Isotope Beam – rare isotope beams that can be produced at the CCF, and run from the CCF through ReA
REA3 STAND ALONE BEAMS (STABLE AND RARE ISOTOPE)
The following list includes stable and long-lived radioactive beams that may be run at ReA3 or ReA6 in stand-alone mode (that is, not coupled to the CCF). Please note that it may be possible to run other beams with some development work. If you are interested in using a beam for an experiment at ReA3 or ReA6 that is not on the beam list, please contact the Manager for User Relations. Feasibility will be discussed with the Operations group. For the open Call for Proposals, requests for new beams must be made prior to November 25, 2019.
Please note the following:
- Beams of long-lived and rare stable isotopes are subject to availability of material.
- All of the long-lived radioactive beams will require development time, and may not be available at the beginning of the ReA stand-alone running period.
- Intensities are quoted for the charge states indicated. Intensities can vary with the charge state and energy; higher energies for heavy isotopes can be obtained with reduced intensity, please contact the Manager for User Relations for a specific energy or beam intensity.
- Radioactive isotopes produced in batch mode are included. If you have a special request, please contact the Manager for User Relations.
- Please include 16 hours of tuning time in your proposal for the initial setup setting of the beam from the ion source to the experiment. Tuning time for energy changes are 2 hours for standard energy changes where the variation in energy is not greater than 20%. Beam characteristics and tuning time details should go in the Beam Request Worksheet within the online PAC Proposal Submission Application.
CCF PRIMARY BEAM
An estimate of the yield of rare isotopes produced at NSCL can be calculated with the program LISE++. Please note that LISE++ is meant to provide an estimate of the beam rates. The facility does not guarantee that rates and purities will be in exact agreement with calculation, though we do our best to continuously improve the LISE++ calculations.
- Instructions for downloading and using LISE++ to calculate rare isotope yields at NSCL are available here
- General information on LISE++ is available here
|
A |
Element |
Energy (MeV/nucleon) |
Intensity (pnA) |
|
16 |
O |
150 |
175 |
|
18 |
O |
120 |
150 |
|
20 |
Ne |
170 |
80 |
|
22 |
Ne |
120 |
80 |
|
22 |
Ne |
150 |
100 |
|
24 |
Mg |
170 |
60 |
|
28 |
Si |
160 |
10 |
|
32 |
S |
150 |
60 |
|
36 |
Ar |
150 |
75 |
|
40 |
Ar |
140 |
75 |
|
40 |
Ca |
140 |
50 |
|
48 |
Ca |
90 |
15 |
|
48 |
Ca |
140 |
80 |
|
58 |
Ni |
160 |
20 |
|
64 |
Ni |
140 |
7 |
|
76 |
Ge |
130 |
25 |
|
82 |
Se |
140 |
45 |
|
78 |
Kr |
150 |
25 |
|
86 |
Kr |
100 |
15 |
|
86 |
Kr |
140 |
25 |
|
96 |
Zr |
120 |
3 |
|
92 |
Mo |
140 |
10 |
|
112 |
Sn |
120 |
4 |
|
118 |
Sn |
120 |
1.5 |
|
124 |
Sn |
120 |
1.5 |
|
124 |
Xe |
140 |
10 |
|
136 |
Xe |
120 |
2 |
|
198 |
Pt |
85 |
1 |
|
208 |
Pb |
85 |
1.5 |
|
209 |
Bi |
80 |
1 |
|
238 |
U |
45 |
0.1 |
|
238 |
U |
80 |
0.2 |
CCF-ReA Rare Isotope Beam List
The following list is for ReA3 experiments. If you plan to propose a very low energy "stopped beam" experiment, for example using LEBIT or BECOLA, the rates will be higher and a wider range of elements may be available. Please contact Chandana Sumithrarachchi for assistance.
Notes:
- Expected ReA3 beam intensities and corresponding maximum energy is listed in the table assuming acceleration of ions in the he-like charge state. The minimum energy is 300 keV/u; higher energies can in principle be reached up to the limit of about 6 MeV/u in selected cases at reduced intensity. Please contact Antonio Villari for assistance if you would like to propose use of a higher energy.
- The ReA3 beam has a microstructure of 80.5 MHz and a macrostructure varying from about 1 Hz to 10 Hz. Typical duty cycle varies from 10% to a maximum of 40%. The choice of the duty cycle and frequency is a compromise between the charge state to be accelerated and the experimental apparatus.
- ReA3 can offer an alternative microstructure of the beam at 16.1 MHz, instead of the original 80.5 MHz, using a new multi-harmonic buncher. This would allow delivery of beam bunches spaced at 62.1 ns instead of 12.4 ns. Please, note that the overall efficiency of the system decreases by about 30% when using the new buncher. Note also that, for the moment, this capability is offered without a chopper, which means that satellite bunches are still present at 80.5 MHz frequency with intensity equivalent to about 5% of the full beam intensity.
- All beams may be contaminated by their daughters and grand-daughters. Experiments should expect a level of contamination of the order of 20% or higher. Some beams can also have stable contamination, depending on the charge state used in the acceleration.
- g/i refers to presence of ground state and isomeric state. The half-life in the table refers to the half-life of the ground state.
- Isotopes with lifetimes longer than 10 minutes can be difficult to tune. Please contact Antonio Villari for assistance if you need a long-lived isotope and would like to use any of these beams for your proposal.
- The actual beam intensity depends on the purity of the gas cell at the time of the experiment.
- Additional beams not on the list may be possible. Requests for new stable or radioactive beams can be sent to the Manager for User Relations, Jill Berryman, in the form of a letter to the NSCL Director.
ReA3 RADIOACTIVE BEAM LIST in excel
